Tag Archives: Evento scientifico

Speaker: Kazuki Sakurai (University of Warsaw) Recently, there has been a lot of attention and studies on treating high-energy colliders as natural quantum processors. Along these lines, we propose a novel test of quantum mechanics which goes beyond the Bell-inequality test. Our proposal is based on the Quantum Process Tomography, i.e. an experimental reconstruction of the entire quantum channel. We demonstrate such a test can be implemented with the e+ e- > t tbar process at lepton colliders with multiple runs of different beam polarisation settings. We also discuss the possibilities of Quantum Process Tomography with different collider processes.

Speakers: Costanza Barbieri (Accademia delle Belle Arti), Giulia Iorio (LASR3, Sezione INFN-RM3), Lucilla Pronti (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare), Mariangela Cestelli Guidi (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare), Martina Romani (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare), Noemi Zappala’ (Accademia delle Belle Arti) The study and characterization of Cultural Heritage (CH) materials requires the application and the development of innovative technologies, also related to accelerators, and fine-tuning preparation procedures of samples and, moreover, the requirements of noninvasiveness and minimal interaction with the artworks must be satisfied. In this sense, the INFN-CHNet, the network dedicated to the study of CH materials, monitored by the National Technology Transfer Committee of INFN, encounters these needs by developing innovative instrumentations and by collaborating with other professionals in the Cultural Heritage field for data interpretation. The INFN-CHNet nodes, DAΦNE-Light and LASR3 laboratories, will present the technologies developed and experiments performed on an unknown version of the painting “Lo Spasimo di Palermo” by Raffaello Sanzio. Preliminary results will be discussed also from the art-historical point of view, in a synergic collaboration between scientific and art history research.  

Speaker: Ludovico Vittorio (LAPTh, Annecy) For a long time the $|V_{cb}|$ puzzle and the $R(D^{(*)})$ anomalies have been considered possible, indirect probes of physics beyond the Standard Model (SM). I will discuss the state of the art of the phenomenological studies of $B \to D^{(*)} \ell \nu$ decays, focusing on both lattice and experimental available datasets. I will show how the use of hadronic form factors (FFs) constrained by lattice calculations only can lighten the aforementioned tensions, independently of the existing differences among the results of the different collaborations. This conclusion holds independently of the particular parametrization adopted for the FFs. Furthermore, I will discuss in detail the “slope issue”, namely the tensions among the slopes in the momentum transfer of the different FFs computed on the lattice or measured by the experiments. I will present a novel and simple strategy for a direct comparison among them. Interestingly, this kind of study reveals that experimental data themselves show important differences among each other, while a better agreement is observed between some of the experimental results and the theoretical predictions. Future prospects for analyses both within and beyond the SM will be finally highlighted.

The 2024 Topical Workshop presented by the LLRF Workshop Series, a unique opportunity for learning, networking and sharing experiences, will be held in person in Italy at the INFN-LNF – Via Enrico Fermi 60 – Frascati (Rome) from 28 to 30 October 2024. The workshop will be dedicated to Timing, Synchronization, Measurements and Calibrations. Motivation The topical series of LLRF workshops is meant to bring together a diverse group of experts spanning disciplines beyond the traditional LLRF field in particle accelerators. The intent is to provide a basis for understanding the technologies and constraints which drive critical engineering decisions in multiple disciplines. Accurate timing and synchronization has played a pivotal role in many applications, from astrophysics to photon research, to quantum computing. Similarly, the success of these techniques depends on the ability to calibrate and perform accurate measurements. Topics – Low Drift/Phase Noise Sources – Absolute vs. relative timing – RF Reference Distribution (copper vs. fiber) – RF synchronization accelerator wide (beam diagnostics, machine protection, etc.) – Distributed facility timing and synchronization – accelerator to accelerator, accelerator to experiments, multiple locations – Amplitude and Phase – Reference line calibrations and stabilization/cancellation techniques – Accurate in-situ cavity measurements (Q0, QL) – Measurement techniques required to assess hardware and systems (phase noise measurement, measurements in case the hardware needs to be distributed over large distances) – Using beam to calibrate the RF and vice versa.   Participants in the Workshop are invited to register via web using the online registration form (handled …

Speaker: Sreemanti Chakraborti (Durham Univ.) In this talk, I will discuss axion-like particles (ALP) as dark matter candidates in the “ultralight mass regime”. On the theory side, I will elaborate on the consistent treatment of QFT of an ALP interacting with Standard Model fields accounting for the renormalisation group running and matching to the low-energy theory. A plethora of quantum sensor experiments has been designed to search for very light ALPs that are particularly sensitive to these effects because they probe large values of the decay constant for which running effects become important. In addition, while linear axion interactions are set by its pseudoscalar nature, quadratic interactions are indistinguishable from scalar interactions. This makes the two types of interactions sensitive to different categories of experiments. I will discuss the reach of various experiments exploiting quantum technology via quantum sensors, haloscopes, helioscopes, and fifth force searches. Lastly, I will discuss the nonlinear behaviour of the ALP field close to the surface of the earth and identify the experiments impacted by this effect.

Speaker: Giovanni Grilli di Cortona (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare) Resonant positron annihilation on atomic electrons is a powerful technique for searching for light dark matter particles that couple to e+e-. Accurate estimates of production rates necessitate a detailed characterization of atomic electron momentum distributions. I will present a general method that uses the Compton profile of the target material to accurately account for electron velocity effects in resonant annihilation cross-sections. Additionally, I will discuss the implications of this precise computation for new physics searches and how high Z atoms can effectively serve as electron accelerators, thereby extending the experimental mass reach. Finally, I will demonstrate that leveraging the relativistic velocities of electrons in the inner atomic shells, a high-intensity 12 GeV positron beam — such as the one planned at JLab — can allow to measure the hadronic cross section with high statistical accuracy. This seminar is based on Phys.Rev.Lett. 132 (2024) 26, 261801 and hep-ph/2407.15941. Entra Zoom Riunione https://infn-it.zoom.us/j/98373797903?pwd=ByIdssvPnoY0HWm5hndgibLNeqJNbP.1 ID riunione: 983 7379 7903 Codice d’accesso: 278777

Speaker: Davide Racco (U. Zurich and ETH Zurich) Various production mechanisms for dark matter complement the well-motivated option of freeze-out. The freeze-in scenario is viable for very weakly-coupled particles, which can be looked for in terrestrial experiments. I will discuss how this mechanism is cosmologically viable with respect to the curvature perturbations that it produces on large scales. Another minimal and unavoidable production mechanism for any dark sector is gravitational production during inflation. Its abundance today is determined by the evolution of the dark sector and its interactions during the early Universe. I will discuss as a prototypical example a model of dark QED with a massive mediator, showing how the preferred parameter space complements the one predicted from freeze-in. Finally, I will comment on the misalignment production mechanism for scalars like the axion, and the possible isocurvature constraints for that scenario.   Join Zoom Meeting https://infn-it.zoom.us/j/97845970382?pwd=jwCWjzdWOEvy1mjYH4csZqwD4Ful4x.1 Meeting ID: 978 4597 0382 Passcode: 511907

Speaker: Joel Christopher Swallow (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare) The $K \to \pi \nu \bar\nu$ decay is a golden mode for flavour physics. Its branching ratio is predicted with high precision by the Standard Model to be less than $10^{-10}$, and this decay mode is highly sensitive to indirect effects of new physics up to the highest mass scales. The NA62 experiment at the CERN SPS is designed to study the $K^+ \to \pi^+ \nu \bar\nu$ decay, and provided the world’s most precise investigation of this decay using 2016-18 data. Building on this success the first results from a significantly improved analysis of new data, taken in 2021-22 after beam-line and detector upgrades, are presented, as well as the combination with the 2016-18 results.

Speaker: Ian Moult (Yale Univ.) Jets of hadrons produced at high-energy colliders provide experimental access to the dynamics of asymptotically free quarks and gluons and their confinement into hadrons. Motivated by recent developments in conformal field theory, we show that questions of interest in collider physics can be reformulated as the study of correlation functions of a specific class of light-ray operators and their associated operator product expansion (OPE). We show that multi-point correlation functions of these operators can be measured in real collider data, allowing us to experimentally verify the scaling properties associated with the OPE, and providing new insights into the dynamics of the confinement transition, the properties of the quark gluon plasma, and beyond.   Join Zoom Meeting https://infn-it.zoom.us/j/94593192831?pwd=4R3YiT6AQmChZwNaqtUmneJDHUpfEQ.1 Meeting ID: 945 9319 2831 Passcode: 639417

The Workshop on HighLumi-LHC and Hadron Colliders will be held in the Bruno Touschek Auditorium (Bldg. 36, access from LNF secondary entrance in Via E. Fermi, 60 – see map). Inspired by the MCWS  https://virgilio.mib.infn.it/~nason/mcws/scientific_programme.htm organised at LNF on the eve of LHC, and motivated by the 2025-2026 Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics, we present some topical workshops on future colliders, focused on the opportunities and challenges, both theoretical and experimental, with the goal of informing and blending Italian researchers (of any age bracket) with different backgrounds. Each event will be staged at LNF, which is the birthplace of collider physics and is endowed with large meeting facilities and, beyond the MCWS mentioned above, has a long tradition of events characterised by a strong interaction between theorists and experimenters. Each event will start off with an elementary introduction to the workshop main topics, to be followed by focused talks on specific themes. The setting and the audience will be at the national level, although lecturers may be chosen among world-wide experts. We will start with a workshop on HighLumi-LHC and Hadron Colliders on 1-2-3-4 October 2024, to be followed by a workshop on e+e- Colliders in January 2025, and by workshop(s) on Muon Collider and new horizons, on dates to be defined. The workshop in October will be preceded by a community event dedicated to Early Career Researchers, organized by the Italian members of the ECFA ECR Panel (https://ecfa.web.cern.ch/ecfa-early-career-researchers-panel). Building on the success of the first event held on July 3rd (https://agenda.infn.it/event/42205/), this session will …