Tag Archives: Evento scientifico

Speaker: Sven Heinemeyer (IFCA (CSIC, Santander)) The baryon asymmetry of the universe naturally leads to BSM Higgs sectors. Such models contain additional Higgs bosons w.r.t. the SM Higgs boson, leading to a Higgs potential substantially more complicated than in the SM. The measurement of triple Higgs couplings (THCs) is key to determinethe shape of the multi-dimensional potential, which are best accessedvia di-Higgs produciton. So far most investigationsfocused on the THC of the SM-like Higgs boson discovered at the LHC in 2012. We go beyond these analyses and show how BSM THCs may be determined atcurrent and future colliders, including the HL-LHC, future linear e+e-colliers and a future muon collider.

Speaker: Alessandro Lella (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare) Core-collapse Supernovae (SN) are among the most powerful astrophysical sources of feebly-interacting particles. Indeed, the extreme conditions of temperature and density reached after the gravitational collapse make the SN core a unique environment to have a significant production of novel exotic particles, such as axions and axion-like particles. In this seminar, I discuss how axions and ALPs could be copiously produced in a SN core by means of their coupling with nuclear matter. In particular, I will show that the ALP parameter space can be severely constrained by employing observations of the neutrino burst from SN 1987A. Moreover, ALPs are coupled to photons or leptons are provided with a vast phenomenology due to decays and oscillations in Galactic magnetic fields, leading to observable signatures, which may eventually shed light on controversial features characterizing the SN core.”

Speaker: Gustavo Conesa Balbastre (LPSC-CNRS Grenoble) The ALICE experiment at the LHC is devoted to test QCD predictions, and in particular, the measurement of the properties of the Quark-Gluon plasma created in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Among the different probes that the experiment explores, neutral mesons and isolated photons are useful to study the jet-quenching effect in the QGP: the loss of energy of high energy partons (quarks and gluons) produced at the initial stages of the collision traversing the strongly interacting plasma. Such probes are measured in ALICE by its electromagnetic calorimeters PHOS and EMCal, combined with the central tracking systems. The Frascati-LNF-INFN and Grenoble-LPSC-CNRS groups had a strong involvement in the construction and exploitation of the EMCal calorimeter where I was involved. In this presentation I will present the different results obtained with the calorimeter during the LHC Run 1 and 2 data, concentrating on the isolated photons production.

Speaker: Livio Verra (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare) The extremely large accelerating fields that can be excited in plasmas are orders of magnitudes larger than in conventional accelerators, and they could be used to miniaturise the ever-increasing footprint of light sources and high-energy physics facilities. In this seminar I will review the concepts of plasma wakefield acceleration, present the main experimental results of the field, and discuss the challenges on the path towards applications for high-energy physics.

Speaker: Marialuisa Aliotta Nuclear reactions in stars are responsible for the synthesis of nearly all elements beyond primordial hydrogen and helium. These reactions occur at extremely low energies and have cross sections that are difficult to measure directly in laboratory conditions due to natural and cosmic-ray-induced background. As a result, many reaction rates relevant to stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis rely on uncertain extrapolations, limiting the predictive power of astrophysical models. The Laboratory for Underground Nuclear Astrophysics (LUNA), located beneath 1.4 km of rock at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory in Italy, offers a unique environment for measuring these reactions at the relevant astrophysical energies. By dramatically suppressing background radiation, LUNA has enabled direct studies of key processes that power stars and shape the chemical evolution of the Universe. In this talk, I will review selected results from LUNA’s low energy experiments and discuss their implications for astrophysics. I will also highlight current challenges and open questions, outlining prospects for future experimental efforts and collaborative research.  

Speaker: Andrea Banfi (University of Sussex) Jet observables such as event-shape distributions and jet rates are widely used for precision determinations of the strong coupling. The accuracy of perturbative calculations for such observables is very high, and poorly known hadronisation corrections limit the precision of such determination. I present a general method, based on the existing theoretical framework ARES (Automated Resummer for Event Shapes), to estimate hadronisation corrections up to a single universal non-perturbative parameter, which can be determined from data. The method can be applied to an arbitrary observable and gives promise to impact future determinations of the strong coupling with jet observables.    

Speaker: Fabio Galasso (Roma La Sapienza Univ.) Representation learning is an important part of modern computer vision. Literature assumes a default Euclidean space, thus a manifold based on regular grids. Only most recently, hyperbolic spaces have enabled techniques to reach and surpass the state-of-the-art, supporting learning with hierarchical structures and uncertainty, also a by-product of hyperbolic representation learning. I will introduce our most recent work that leverages Hyperbolic Neural Networks for anomaly detection, self-supervised learning of actions, active learning of semantic segmentation, and reinforcement learning of robot navigation in social environments.

Speaker: Reinier Meijer (Utrecht Univ.) Gravitational waves are displacements in gravitational fields which have allowed us unique astronomical insights, such as the first measurements of binary black holes. Before their very first detection in 2015, gravitational waves were unsure to exist. Even Einstein himself at one point tried to submit a paper in which he disclaimed them. He thought that surely they could not exist, and even if they did, their scale would forever remain unmeasurable. Such was the triumph when a gravitational wave was first detected in 2015, a full century after the theory of general relativity had been established. In this seminar we will look into: • A sketch of how gravitational waves arise from general relativity; • The methods used to establish the current catalogue of detections; • Current developments in anticipation of the new generations of observatories.

Speaker: Angela Papa (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare) Electric dipole moments (EDMs) of elementary particles violate time-reversal symmetry. According to the CPT theorem, this also implies the violation of combined charge-conjugation and parity-inversion (CP) symmetry, making EDMs powerful tools for probing physics beyond the current Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. The muEDM experiment aims at setting the ground for a new direct electric dipole moment (EDM) search using muons. The experiment will perform this dedicated search using the frozen-spin technique for the first time worldwide, aiming at improving the current sensitivity by more than three orders of magnitude to better than 6 × 10−23 e cm, an astonishing jump. This search is a unique opportunity to probe previously uncharted territory and to test theories Behind Standard Model physics. The experiment will be performed in two phases. Phase I: In this exploratory phase, we will set up an experiment to demonstrate the frozen-spin method and search for a muon EDM using an existing solenoid. The instrument will be connected to a surface-muon beamline at PSI, delivering about 4e6 s−1 muons with a momentum of p=28 MeV/c. Although the sensitivity to a muon EDM will be sufficient to improve the current best measurement, the main purpose is to establish all necessary techniques and methods for a measurement with the highest possible sensitivity. Phase II: The future instrument will use a dedicated magnet with minimal field gradient between injection and storage region to increase the acceptance phase space and integrate all lessons …

Speaker: Tommaso Spadaro (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare) The PADME experiment at the Frascati National Laboratory of INFN has performed a search for the hypothetical X17 particle, by observing the product of the collisions of the positron beam from the DAΦNE LINAC on a diamond fixed target. The beam energy has been varied in the range 265–300 MeV, corresponding to values of √s between 16.4 and 17.5 MeV, completely covering the center of mass region identified by the ATOMKI collaboration as significant for observing the postulated X17 particle. In my talk I will present the result of the analysis of these data, and briefly discuss the physics potential of the forthcoming PADME run, with an improved detector.