Tag Archives: Evento scientifico

Neutrino mass, shown by neutrino mixing and oscillation, is currently the only sign of new physics beyond the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. In the completion of the three neutrino mixing angles, the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment played a crucial and pioneering role in the measurement of the lastly known mixing angle θ13. Despite all the progresses in the last two decades in neutrino physics, we still only know the two mass-squared differences about neutrino mass, neither their absolute values nor the mass ordering. Due to the challenges in measuring the absolute masses, the neutrino mass ordering (NMO) is very likely to be the first experimental handle we could have on physics related to neutrino mass. With the success of the Daya Bay experiment and its contemporaries, it is now possible to resolve NMO using reactor neutrinos. Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) was proposed to take the advantage of this principle to resolve NMO. In this talk, we will give a general review on neutrino physics, the discovery of neutrino oscillation and its recent experimental progresses, with the focus on Daya Bay and JUNO in China.

The Belle II experiment follows the path defined by the Belle and BaBar experiments, both of which started taking data about 20 years ago at the B-factories KEKB (Tsukuba, Japan) and PEP-II (SLAC, USA), respectively. Until now all measurements performed at B-factories are in agreement with the Standard Model; nowadays, however, there is compelling evidence for New Physics beyond the Standard Model from various sources. For this reason KEK has decided to upgrade the existing KEKB accelerator to deliver a 40 times higher peak luminosity which will allow to record a data sample 50 times larger with respect to its predecessor Belle. With such a data set, Belle II will be able to measure the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix with unprecedented precision and explore flavor physics in the beauty, charm and tau sectors. Belle II has also a unique capability, thanks to a new specialized trigger, to search for low-mass New Physics candidates. The Belle II experiment has recently started its data taking at the Upsilon(4S) resonance, and has recorded a data sample of about 6/fb of e+e- collisions. In this seminar, we will review the Belle II detector, the results of the first run and the physics prospects.

The goal of the meeting will be to discuss the current XLS injector designs and to establish an effective Injector Road Map for the preparation of the XLS CDR, identifying the options able to fulfill the XLS FEL requirements. All the injector designs developed so far  (S-C-X RF guns and DC gun)  will be compared in terms of capability to fulfill the target injector parameters at 300 MeV (at low and high repetition rates) as predicted by beam dynamics simulations. The Technology  Readiness Level (TRL) will be also considered. The meeting is foreseen to last 2.5 days. It will take place in FRASCATI at the INFN-LNF laboratories from 11 am on November 13 up to 1 pm of November 15.    

People have always been inspired by nature. Today we call biomimetic a kind of reverse engineering process of emulating natural time-tested (by evolution) patterns and strategies, incorporating solutions from the living world in products and solutions for all industries. Thus, biomimetic is the process of taking the solutions that exist in nature, mimicking them and applying them to technology. The talk focuses on the concept of biomimetic, describing how nature provides inspiration to scientists with some examples of applications that are used in everyday life, and my personal tentative of emulating nature lesson for developing intelligent (not only smart) engineering systems.

We will discuss some aspects of primordial black holes, such as how they may form in the early universe, why they may compose all dark matter, and how the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will be able to detect the associated gravitational waves. 

This informal meeting is the first of the Rome physics encounter series. It aims at bringing together young researchers working or collaborating within the research groups in the Rome area. In the spirit of workshops and conferences at LNF, talks will be presented in a pedagogical way and plenty of time is scheduled to allow discussions among participants. The encounters will be synchronised with a selected LNF General Seminar, held in the afternoon at 2.30pm. The lunch is offered to all registered participant at the LNF canteen.

The presence of kinetic mixing is an essential feature of any model that augments the Standard Model gauge symmetry with an additional U(1) symmetry . We look at the signal process, e+e− → γZ′ → γ+E/ at Belle-II, which is an outcome of this ubiquitous feature. We propose that the γ+E/ signal at the Belle-II detector will be a smoking gun for supersymmetry (SUSY) in the presence of a gauged U(1)Lμ−Lτ symmetry. A striking consequence of breaking the enhanced symmetry appearing in the limit of degenerate (s)leptons is the nondecoupling of the radiative contribution of heavy charged sleptons to the γ − Z ′ kinetic mixing. We take into account the severe constraints on gauged U(1)Lμ−Lτ models by several low-energy observables (like the muon (g − 2), data from the CCFR and BaBar collaborations, etc.) and show that any significant excess in all but the highest photon energy bin would be an undeniable signature of such heavy scalar fields in SUSY coupling to the Z′ gauge boson. The number of signal events depends crucially on the logarithm of the ratio of stau to smuon mass in the presence of SUSY. In addition, the number is also inversely proportional to the e+ − e− collision energy, making a low-energy, high-luminosity collider like Belle-II an ideal testing ground for this channel. This process can probe large swathes of the slepton mass ratio vs the additional gauge coupling (gX ) parameter space. More importantly, it can explore the narrow slice of MZ′ − …

2019 Annual General Meeting reviewing the activities supported by the MUSE project. MUSE is a EU funded project under the Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation program, Grant Agreement 690835. It coordinates the activities of about 70 researchers from various European research institutes (INFN, University College London, University of Liverpool, Helmholtz-Centrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Fermilab) and industries (PRISMA, CAEN, AdvanSid) for the participation to the experiments at the Muon Campus of the Fermi National Laboratory (FNAL), in USA. The meeting will be held at the Frascati National Laboratory of INFN.

Cold atoms of antihydrogen promise a unique opportunity to study the properties of atomic antimatter, and via comparisons with its well-studied matter-counterpart, the possibility to test CPT invariance. This symmetry is conserved in local quantum field theories, so tests in varied systems provides the experimental validation of this framework. In order to probe matter-antimatter symmetry at the highest possible precision, it is essential that the anti-atoms be suspended in vacuum to allow for detailed interrogation via laser light or microwaves. The ALPHA experiment, running at the CERN antimatter factory, is now trapping sufficient numbers of antihydrogen atoms to enable these studies. The best measurements in hydrogen are of the 1S-2S transitions (precision 0.01 ppt, determining the Rydberg),   the ground state hyperfine interval (precision 1ppt ), and the 2S-2P Lamb shift.  The trap environment is particularly challenging for spectroscopy and requires adaptation of the usual AMO techniques. I will present our recent measurements of these transitions in antihydrogen, where we have recently reported  2 ppt precision 1S-2S  and 9 ppm precision  ground state hyperfine interval results. Our current measurements of the antihydrogen 1s-2p transitions and demonstration of laser cooling together with the improved  antiproton beams from  ELENA  promise excellent prospects for even higher precision results.