Nature has recently reported on its cover about the indication by the T2K collaboration of a difference between the fundamental behavior of neutrinos and of antineutrinos, their anti-matter counterparts. The T2K Collaboration (Tokai to Kamioka) found a mismatch in the way neutrinos and antineutrinos oscillate.  In particular it was observed that the measured oscillation probability is not the same for both. This asymmetry is known as charge-conjugation and parity (CP) violation.  If different from zero, it may help us understand the origin of the current prevalence of matter over antimatter in the Universe.

In this seminar we will illustrate the present and past contribution of the T2K experiment to the discoveries of the Neutrino Oscillation, the impact of new result and prospects (medium and long term) for the Neutrino Physics in Japan.

After analysing nine years’ worth of data, the T2K experiment reached a level of statistical significance high enough to provide an indication that CP violation occurs in these fundamental particles. More precise measurements are needed to confirm these findings. However, these measurements do strengthen previous observations and pave the way towards a future discovery. A new generation of experiments under construction might provide an answer to the problem of the ‘missing’ antimatter in the next ten years.

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